Steven D. Roper

Elections and Electoral Systems

General Information:

  • Information and photos about my experience as an OSCE election observer for the 2004 Kazakhstan parliamentary elections.
  • Information and photos about my experience as an OSCE election observer for the 2003 Georgian parliamentary elections.
  • Photos and information about my experience as an OSCE election observer for the 2002 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia parliamentary elections.
  • Here is election information worldwide
  • Parties and elections home page has great sources of election data
  • Interesting ballot story
  • Here is a list of ballot designs
  • Good discussion of Duverger's two effects
  • Click here for some photos from the 2001 Moldovan parliamentary election (photo1, photo2 and photo3)
  • Click here for a brief description of SNTV
  • The Harriman Institute at Columbia has created home pages for various East European and FSU countries
  • The Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe is involved in election monitoring
  • The Lijphart elections archive
  • The IFES maintains an election calendar that lists upcoming elections around the world
  • Fairvote has voter turnout statistics for many countries.
  • The Journal of Democracy has an election watch
  • Robert Loring has a useful page in which he explains his synthesis of STV and Condorcet rules
  • The Electoral Reform Society has a good deal of information on electoral systems
  • The Proportional Representation Society of Australia has extensive information and links to other election-related sites
  • The Center for Voting and Democracy has information about PR
  • The proportional representation library has bibliographic and other information on PR
  • Voting systems, election, and political science
  • Political resources on the net Contains links to information on elections, parties, constitutions, and governmental home pages for most major nations
  • Inter-Parliamentary Union provides web servers of national parliaments and adatabase of electoral laws and election results
  • 1996 world election calendar
  • European Parliament information Includes links to EU governments online
  • Political database of the Americas
  • Tucker data on post-communist executives

    • Election Information by Country:

    Albania
  • Report on the Parliamentary Elections, 26th May 1996, by the Norwegian Helsinki Committee

    • Argentina
  • May 1995 presidential election, results and analysis, in Spanish

    • Australia
  • Australian Electoral Commission.
  • Australian election system fact sheet
  • ABC Online. federal elections, March 1996, results
  • Western Australia State election 14th December 1996. This site also has the 1993 results
  • New South Wales State Electoral Office has a results page
  • NSW State Election, March 1995

    • Austria
  • Election and referendum results

    • Belarus
  • Report on the first round of the parliamentary elections of 14th May 1996 by the Norwegian Helsinki Committee

    • Brazil
  • Election results, 1996
  • NUPERGS has election results since 1945

    • Britain
  • General election links May 1997.
  • British elections and politics home page
  • Election results and government information since 1945
  • Election results since 1983
  • British parliamentary elections since 1983
  • General election results 1945-1992
  • English local election results, May 1996
  • 1995 local election results for England, Scotland, andWales
  • Northern Ireland, 30th May, 1996
  • European election results 1979-1994
  • European elections, 1994
  • Some recent official publications Relating to Electoral Matters
  • UK-ELECT has maps and charts showing current situation and forecasts
  • The national opinion polls site has monthly data from the surveys
  • Northern Ireland election results since 1970,and local government andParliamentary by-elections since May 1993

    • Canada
  • Elections Canada. The non-partisan agency responsible for conducting federal elections and referendums
  • Canada votes. An online voting guide to the June 2nd Federal election.
  • Quebec referendum
  • New Brunswick election 95

    • Chile
  • Information on the Chilean electoral system, and results
  • Municipal elections, 1992
  • Parliamentary elections, 1993, district by district
  • Municipal elections, Oct 27th 1996

    • Costa Rica
  • Oscar Ferndez papers on the 1994 elections (in Spanish) available for downloading (zip)

    • Croatia
  • Parliamentary elections

    • Cyprus
  • Municipal elections, 15 December 1996

    • Czech Republic
  • Central Election Commission home page
  • Election '96

    • Denmark
  • 1994 election results. Results are in Danish, but there is an English guide

    • Dominican Republic
  • Presidential elections, May 1996 from the Junta Central Electoral

    • Estonia
  • Elections, March 1995

    • Finland
  • Presidential elections 1919-1994
  • Statistics Finland's synopsis of the March 1995 election result
  • Parliamentary election, 1995
  • Parliamentary election, 1995. Opinion polls and results service
  • October 1994 referendum on the EU

    • France
  • 1997 legislative election, information from France 3
  • Election information (in French)
  • France 3's page on presidential elections, '74, '81, '88.

    • Georgia
  • Presidential and parliamentary elections, 5th November 1995. Report by the Norwegian Helsinki Committee

    • Germany
  • Election results in Germany.
  • Results and analysis in German

    • Greece
  • Latest information on the elections, Sept 22nd 1996
  • Parliamentary elections 1996
  • Election results since 1952

    • Hungary
  • Results

    • India
  • 1996 elections
  • CyberINDIA election news, 1996
  • State Assembly results, 1996

    • Ireland
  • Irish election 1997
  • European election, June 1994, results
  • General election, November 1992, results
  • General election, and European election, June 1989, results

    • Israel
  • Election of Prime Minister, May 1996

    • Italy
  • April 1996 election results
  • Election results, (in Italian)
  • March 1994 election results

    • Malaysia
  • Malaysian parliamentary election, 1995, results
  • Election information, 1996 Sarawak election
  • Articles on the 1995 and 1994 elections in Sabah and Sarawak by James Chin
  • Election results in Sarawak from 1969

    • Mauritius
  • Elections '95

    • Mexico
  • Results of the 1994 presidential election, in Spanish
  • Other related documents, on parties etc.

    • Netherlands
  • Results of elections in 1994 and 1995

    • New Zealand
  • The first election under the new electoral system is on 12th October 1996. This site has the latest news
  • 1993 changes to the electoral system, and the referendum results
  • 1993 General Election results and analysis
  • Boundaries commission proposals

    • Nicaragua
  • 1996 Elections page

    • Norway
  • EU referendum
  • Sorting election results, 1981-93

    • Pakistan
  • The DAWN election page, 1997
  • Election 97 from KZR

    • Peru
  • Election information and results

    • Puerto Rico
  • Election information and results

    • Romania
  • Elections, 1996

    • Russia
  • Russian Presidential Election, 1996
  • National News Service page on the presidential election, 1996
  • Russian regional elections, 1996
  • 1995 election page
  • Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty coverage of the Duma elections, 17th December 1995
  • Report by the Norwegian Helsinki Committee.
  • Special OMRI reports on the Russian presidential andDuma elections
  • Links to sites having information on the Russian presidential elections, 1996

    • Slovakia
  • 1994 Election results and analysis

    • South Africa
  • Local government elections, 1st November 1995

    • Spain
  • Elecciones a Cortes Generales 1996
  • Information about elections since 1976

    • Sri Lanka
  • Parliamentary elections, 1994
  • Presidential election, 1994

    • Sweden
  • 1995 EU elections results. (Clickable map)
  • 1994 election results including the EU referendum
  • 1922 prohibition referendum, (in Swedish)

    • Switzerland
  • Conseil d'Etat Elections, May/June 1996, and federal elections, October 1995 (in French)
  • Parliamentary elections 1995. Information in French, German, Italian, and Romansh

    • Taiwan
  • 1996 direct presidential election, DPP page
  • Presidential and National Assembly elections, March 1996
  • Latest election news
  • Information on the method for electing the President and Vice-President

    • Thailand
  • Election '95, information from the Bangkok Post

    • United States of America
  • Federal Election Commission
  • The Encyclopedia Britannica has a section devoted to The American presidential election
  • PoliticsNow is a good source of information - created by the merger of ElectionLine
  • WhiteHouse 2000 looks forward to the next Presidential election
  • US election map bank features a variety of maps showing the results of past presidential elections by county and by state, from 1960 to 1992
  • 1996 election results from the Seattle Times
  • Campaign central. Another very comprehensive site that has state-by-state results
  • The Atlantic Monthly election connection '96
  • State election returns from the National Conference of State Legislatures
  • State election results (Governorships etc.)
  • Results of state referenda on term limits
  • 1996 California primary election server
  • "No" campaign on California's Proposition 202 with post-election analysis
  • 1996 election results
  • Election nexus has much election information, including material on the 1996 election
  • Election site includes a political simulation game in which you can take part in a simulation of the '96 Presidential Election
  • Information on the Iowa Caucus, 1996
  • The Iowa project 1966 survey results tracking the progress of Republican candidates up to the Iowa Caucus
  • On the road to the White House. Candidate information and other election-related links
  • Campaign '96 online.
  • Campaign finance reform issues. Contains articles and links to other sites